English: The image shows two examples of image duplications that were discovered by Elisabeth Bik in microbiology research publications. Different panels represent different experimental conditions. The source article states that these might have been “honest errors during assembly of the figures”, and that the relevant papers have been corrected.

Figure 2 (“Examples of simple duplications”), from Bik EM, Casadevall A, Fang FC. 2016. The prevalence of inappropriate image duplication in biomedical research publications. mBio 7(3):e00809-16. doi:10.1128/mBio.00809-16.

Licensed for open use with attribution under CC-BY 4.0, as described in the article header (https://journals.asm.org/doi/epub/10.1128/mBio.00809-16) and in mBio journal FAQ (https://journals.asm.org/journal/mbio/faq). The figure description notes separately that the included images were “reproduced with permission from the [original] publisher (…) under the Creative Commons [CC BY] license”.