Projet:Afro-Américains/Bibliothèque
Ouvrages généraux modifier
- Lara Oruno D, « Histoire et fondements de l’identité afro-américaine », dans : Guy Michaud éd., Négritude : traditions et développement. Paris, Éditions Complexe (programme ReLIRE), « L'Autre et l'ailleurs », 1979, p. 39-61. URL : https://www.cairn.info/negritude-traditions-et-developpement--9782870270288-page-39.htm
- Fitzgerald Thomas K, « Race, classe et éducation : un exemple afro-américain », Carrefours de l'éducation, 2002/2 (n° 14), p. 106-119. DOI : 10.3917/cdle.014.0106. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-carrefours-de-l-education-2002-2-page-106.htm
- Julien-Moraud Camille, « Les Afro-Américains en politique. de la fin des années soixante à nos jours », Bulletin de l'Institut Pierre Renouvin, 2011/2 (N° 34), p. 171-181. DOI : 10.3917/bipr.034.0171. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-bulletin-de-l-institut-pierre-renouvin1-2011-2-page-171.htm
- Ward John, « Le mouvement des settlements et les populations afro-américaines : engagement ou oubli ? », Vie sociale, 2013/4 (N° 4), p. 143-155. DOI : 10.3917/vsoc.134.0143. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-vie-sociale-2013-4-page-143.htm
- Lamont Michèle, Welburn Jessica S, Fleming Crystal M, « Réactions à la discrimination raciale et résilience sociale dans le contexte néolibéral aux États-Unis », Informations sociales, 2013/3 (n° 177), p. 76-84. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-informations-sociales-2013-3-page-76.htm
- N’Diaye Pap, « John Hope Franklin, historien des Noirs américains », Critique internationale, 2010/2 (n° 47), p. 161-168. DOI : 10.3917/crii.047.0161. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-critique-internationale-2010-2-page-161.htm
- Mastor Wanda, « Désobéir pour être : les Noirs américains », Pouvoirs, 2015/4 (N° 155), p. 81-95. DOI : 10.3917/pouv.155.0081. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-pouvoirs-2015-4-page-81.htm
- Szlamowicz Jean, « Juifs américains et Afro-Américains. Convergences et divergences dans le champ social du jazz », Pardès, 2008/1 (N° 44), p. 223-242. DOI : 10.3917/parde.044.0223. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-pardes-2008-1-page-223.htm
- Chivallon Christine, « Diaspora noire des Amériques : une réflexion conduite à partir de la notion de « lien transétatique » », Autrepart, 2006/2 (n° 38), p. 39-61. DOI : 10.3917/autr.038.0039. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-autrepart-2006-2-page-39.htm
- Diamond Andrew J, « Incarcération de masse et démobilisation politique chez les Afro-Américains », Informations sociales, 2013/3 (n° 177), p. 86-94. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-informations-sociales-2013-3-page-86.htm
- Wacquant Loïc, « « Une ville noire dans la blanche ». Le ghetto étasunien revisité », Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 2005/5 (no 160), p. 22-31. DOI : 10.3917/arss.160.0022. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-actes-de-la-recherche-en-sciences-sociales-2005-5-page-22.htm
- Stéphane Bussard, Un musée afro-américain pour réécrire l’histoire des Etats-Unis, https://www.letemps.ch/culture/un-musee-afroamericain-reecrire-lhistoire-etatsunis
- Pénélope Nour Zang Mba Ondo : « L’autonomisation de la culture afro-américaine dans les arts et médias contemporains. Cas de figures proéminentes : Kara Walker, Michelle Obama et Beyoncé Knowles », thèse de doctorat , http://www.theses.fr/2017CERG0890/abes
- Laure-Anne Cari. Les Noirs dans le cinéma américain : des stéréotypes raciaux à la représentation d’une véritable identité. Sciences de l’Homme et Société. 2014. ffdumas-01096677f, https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-01096677/document
- Bastide Roger. État actuel et perspectives d'avenir des recherches afro-américaines. In: Journal de la Société des Américanistes. Tome 58, 1969. pp. 7-29.DOI : https://doi.org/10.3406/jsa.1969.2095 , www.persee.fr/doc/jsa_0037-9174_1969_num_58_1_2095
- Bastide Roger. À propos de quelques livres récents sur les Afro-Américains. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 1, n°4, 1960. pp. 115-124. DOI : https://doi.org/10.3406/cea.1960.3683, www.persee.fr/doc/cea_0008-0055_1960_num_1_4_3683
- Mahershala Ali : « Nous, Afro-Américains, sommes un peu les enfants maltraités des Etats-Unis », https://www.lemonde.fr/m-le-mag/article/2019/01/18/mahershala-ali-nous-afro-americains-sommes-un-peu-les-enfants-maltraites-des-etats-unis_5411121_4500055.html
- Les Afro-Américains aujourd’hui, https://www.elle.fr/Societe/Les-enquetes/Les-Afro-Americains-aujourd-hui-1760364
- « Ebony » et « Jet », les magazines de l’émancipation afro-américaine, https://www.lemonde.fr/m-le-mag/article/2019/01/10/ebony-et-jet-les-magazines-de-l-emancipation-afro-americaine_5407293_4500055.html
- Les artistes afro-américains dans le musical hollywoodien, https://philharmoniedeparis.fr/fr/magazine/les-artistes-afro-americains-dans-le-musical-hollywoodien
- Les représentations non-stéréotypées des Afro-Américains font-elle exception ? https://riaa.hypotheses.org/
Rap/Hip-hop et afro-américanisme modifier
- Kitwana Bakari, « De la transformation du mouvement culturel hip-hop en pouvoir politique », Diogène, 2003/3 (n° 203), p. 139-145. DOI : 10.3917/dio.203.0139. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-diogene-2003-3-page-139.htm
- Sudre David, « Le hip-hop ball américain, une culture adolescente du basket en banlieue parisienne », Agora débats/jeunesses, 2014/3 (N° 68), p. 99-112. DOI : 10.3917/agora.068.0099. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-agora-debats-jeunesses-2014-3-page-99.htm
- Béthune Christian, « Du jazz au rap », dans : , Le Rap. Une esthétique hors la loi, sous la direction de Béthune Christian. Paris, Autrement, « Mutations », 2003, p. 30-46. URL : https://www.cairn.info/le-rap--9782746703841-page-30.htm
- Lizaire Evenson, « La résonance biographique du rap : entre sens commun et communauté de sens », Le sujet dans la cité, 2014/2 (N° 5), p. 201-213. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-le-sujet-dans-la-cite-2014-2-page-201.htm
- Cornic Pauline, « Christian Béthune, Blues, féminisme et société : le cas Lucille Bogan », Volume, 2019/1 (15:2), p. 159-162. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-volume-2019-1-page-159.htm
- François-Xavier Hubert, « Ornette : Equality is… something else ! », Volume ! [En ligne], 15 : 1 | 2018, mis en ligne le 05 décembre 2021, consulté le 18 août 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/volume/5801 ; DOI : 10.4000/volume.5801
- Franck Freitas, « “Blackness à la demande” », Volume ! [En ligne], 8 : 2 | 2011, mis en ligne le 15 décembre 2013, consulté le 18 août 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/volume/2696 ; DOI : 10.4000/volume.2696
- Diallo David, « Intertextuality in Rap Lyrics », Revue française d’études américaines, 2015/1 (No 142), p. 40-54. URL : https://www.cairn.info/revue-revue-francaise-d-etudes-americaines-2015-1-page-40.htm
- Baptiste Beauquis, « Les origines du Hip-Hop, ou l’histoire de la musique Afro-Américaine », https://intrld.com/origines-hip-hop-musique-afro-americaine/
- Séverin Guillard, docteur en géographie - Université Paris Est, « Le rap, miroir déformant des relations raciales dans les villes des États-Unis », http://geoconfluences.ens-lyon.fr/informations-scientifiques/dossiers-regionaux/etats-unis-espaces-de-la-puissance-espaces-en-crises/corpus-documentaire/le-rap-miroir-deformant-des-relations-raciales-dans-les-villes-des-etats-unis
- Le mouvement des luttes afro-américaines, http://www.zones-subversives.com/2017/01/les-luttes-afro-americaines.html
- Une histoire de la culture hip hop, http://www.zones-subversives.com/2015/09/une-histoire-de-la-culture-hip-hop.html
- Guillaume Lessard, » Du gangsta rap au hip-hop conscient: subversions et alternatives critiques en réponse aux mythes américains », Conflits et sociétés Volume 34, numéro 1, printemps 2017, https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/histoire/2017-v34-n1-histoire03167/1040828ar.pdf
- Boris Bastide, En 2015, les superstars du rap américain à l'assaut des dernières citadelles blanches, http://www.slate.fr/story/104023/rap-americain-citadelles-blanches
- Artiste blancs et musique noire, les Afro-Américains durcissent le ton, https://www.nofi.media/2014/12/artistes-blancs-et-musique-noire-les-afro-americains-durcissent-le-ton/6892
- Christian Béthune, « Le hip hop : une expression mineure », Volume ! [En ligne], 8 : 2 | 2011, mis en ligne le 15 décembre 2013, consulté le 18 août 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/volume/2728 ; DOI : 10.4000/volume.2728
- Bertrand Bouard, Jazz, les nouveaux messagers, https://www.lexpress.fr/culture/musique/jazz-les-nouveaux-messagers_2023842.html
La seconde sélection concerne l'afro-américanité comme identité sociale, culturelle et historique qui va bien au delà de la couleur de peau.
Bibliographie accessible en ligne modifier
- (en-US) Morgan, Marcyliena, and Dionne Bennett., « Hip-Hop & the Global Imprint of a Black Cultural Form », Daedalus, vol. 140, no. 2, , pp. 176–196 (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Wilma J. Henry & Andrea Jackson, « Hip-Hop’s Influence on the Identity Development of Black Female College Students: A Literature Review », Journal of college Student Developement, , p. 237-251
- (en-US) Awad El Karim M. Ibrahim, « Becoming Black: Rap and Hip-Hop, Race, Gender, Identity, and the Politics of ESL Learning », TESOL Quarterly, vol. 33, no. 3,, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Neena Speer, « Hip-Hop and Black Identity: A Meta-Analytic Review Explaining How Modern Hip-Hop Relates to Black Identity and How It Has Created Signs of Comp », University of Kentucky, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Andreana Clay, « Keepin' it Real: Black Youth, Hip-Hop Culture, and Black Identity », American Behavioral Scientist Volume: 46, , p. 1346-1358 (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Toby S. Jenkins, « A Beautiful Mind:Black Male Intellectual Identity and Hip-Hop Culture », Journal of Black Studies, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Ralph H. Saunders, « Kickin' Some Knowledge: Rap and the Construction of Identity in the African-American Ghetto », Arizona Anthropologist, vol 10, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Alyssa S. Woods, « Rap Vocality and The Construction of Identify », University of Michigan, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Becky Blanchard, « The Social Significance of Rap & Hip-Hop Culture », EDGE, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Vonda Powell, « A social identity framework of American hip-hop cultural performance », Social Identities, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Candice M. Jenkins, « Introduction: "Reading" Hip-Hop Discourse in the Twenty-First Century », African American Review, Vol. 46, No. 1, (lire en ligne)
- (en-US) Melody T. McCloud M.D., « Black American or African-American? », Psychology Today, (lire en ligne)
Bibliographie complémentaire modifier
- Alridge, Derrick P. “From Civil Rights to Hip Hop: Toward a Nexus of Ideas.” Journal of African American History 90 (Summer 2005): 226-252.
- Aldridge, Derrick P. and James B. Stewart. “Introduction: Hip Hop in History: Past, Present, and Future.” Journal of African American History 90 (Summer 2005): 190-195.
- Baker, Houston A., Jr. “Beyond Artifacts: Cultural Studies and the New Hybridity of Rap.” In Ezell, Margaret J. M. and Katherine O’Brien O’Keefee, eds. Cultural Artifacts and the Production of Meaning: The Page, the Image, and the Body. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1994. 252 p.
- Baldwin, Davarian L. “Black Empires, White Desires: The Spatial Politics of Identity in the Age of Hip Hop.” Black Renaissance/Renaissance Noir 2 (Summer 1999): 138-159.
- Bartlett, Andrew. “Airshafts, Loudspeakers, and the Hip Hop Sample: Contexts and African American Musical Aesthetics.” African American Review 28 (1994): 639-652.
- Berry, Venise T. “Rap Music, Self Concept and Low Income Black Adolescents.” Popular Music and Society 14 (1990): 89-107.
- Binder, Amy. “Constructing Racial Rhetoric: Media Depictions of Harm in Heavy Metal and Rap Music.” American Sociological Review 58 (1993): 753-767.
- Blair, M. Elizabeth. “Commercialization of the Rap Music Youth Subculture.” Journal of Popular Culture 1993 27 (3): 21-33.
- Boyd, Todd. Am I Black Enough for You?: Popular Culture from the ‘Hood and Beyond. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1997.
- _____. The New H.N.I.C. (Head Niggas in Charge): The Death of Civil Rights and the Reign of Hip Hop. New York: New York University Press, 2002. 169 p.
- Chang, Jeff. Can’t Stop, Won’t Stop: A History Of The Hip-hop Generation. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2005. 546p.
- _____. “Race, Class, Conflict and Empowerment: On Ice Cube’s ‘Black Korea’.” Amerasia Journal 19 (1993): 87-107.
- Charnas, Dan. The Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop. New York: New American Library, 2010. 660p.
- Cherry, Myisha V. “It’s Time We do a Collabo.” African American Pulput 10 (Winter 2006-2007): 36-40.
- Cross, Brian. It’s Not about a Salary– : Rap, Race, and Resistance in Los Angeles. New York: Verso, 1994. 335 p.
- D., Chuck with Yusaf Jah. Fight the Power: Rap, Race, and Reality. New York: Delacorte Press,c1997. 274 p.
- Dagbovie, Pero Gaglo. “‘Of All our Studies, History is Best Qualified to Reward our Research.’ Black History’s Relevance to the Hip Hop Generation.” Journal of African American History 90 (Summer 2005): 299-323.
- Dixon, Wheeler Wilson. “Urban Black American Music in the Late 1980s: The ‘Word’ as Cultural Signifier.” Midwest Quarterly 30(1989): 229-241.
- Dyson, Michael Eric. Between God and Gangsta Rap: Bearing Witness to Black Culture. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. 218 p.
- _____. Holler If You Hear Me: Searching for Tupac Shakur. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 2001. 292 p.
- Forman, Murray. “Movin’ Closer to an Independent Funk: Black Feminist Theory, Standpoint, and Women in Rap.” Women’s Studies 23 (January 1994): 35+
- _____. “The ‘Hood Comes First’: Race, Space, and Place in Rap Music and Hip Hop, 1978-1996.” Ph.D. Thesis, McGill University, 1997. 390 p.
- Gaunt, Kyra D. “Translating Double-Dutch to Hip-Hop: The Musical Vernacular of Black Girls Play.” In Adjaye, Joseph K. and Adrianne R. Andrews, eds. Language, Rhythm, and Sound: Black Popular Cultures into the Twenty-First Century. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997.
- George, Nelson. Hip Hop America. New York: Viking, 1998. 226 p.
- Gibbs, Melvin. “ThugGods: Spiritual Darkness and Hip-Hop.” In Tate, Greg, ed. Everything but the Burden: What White People are Taking from Black Culture. New York: Broadway Books, 2003.
- Gladney, Marvin J. “The Black Arts Movement and Hip-Hop.” African American Review 29 (Summer 1995): 291-301.
- Gray, Jonathan W. “I’ll be Forever Mackin’: The Social Construction of Black Masculine Identity in Hip Hop’s Platinum Age.” In Juan Battle and Sandra Barnes, eds. Black Sexualities: Probing Powers, Passions, Practices, and Policies. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2010, chapter 19.
- Hall, Perry A. “Hip Hop and the Black Studies Canon”. International Journal of Africana Studies 2010 16 (1): 13-41.
- Hamilton, Kendra. “Making Some Noise: The Academy’s Hip-Hop Generation.” Black Issues in Higher Education 21 (April 22, 2004): 34-35.
- Harvey, Bonita Michelle. “Perceptions of Young African-American Males about Rap Music and Its Impact on Their Attitudes Toward Women.” Ph.D. Thesis, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 1999.
- Henderson, Errol A. “Black Nationalism and Rap Music.” Journal of Black Studies 1996 26(3): 308-339.
- Hikes, Zenobia L. “Hip-Hop Viewed Through the Prisms of Race and Gender.” Black Issues in Higher Education 21 (August 12, 2004): 66.
- Hill, Kamasi C. “Voices of Resistance: An Analysis of the Relationship Between the Spirituals & Hip Hop Music.” A.M.E. Church Review120 (October-December 2004): 51-64.
- Hinds, Selwyn Seyfu. “About Time: Hip-Hop: A Gift Or A Curse?” Savoy 1 (February 2005): 26-28.
- Jenkins, Toby S. “A Beautiful Mind: Black Male Intellectual Identity and Hip-Hop Culture.” Journal of Black Studies 42(November 2011): 1231-1251.
- Keeling, Kara. “‘A Homegrown Revolutionary?’ Tupac Shakur and the Legacy of the Black Panther Party.” Black Scholar 1999 29(2-3): 59-63.
- Keyes, Cheryl L. “Empowering Self, Making Choices, Creating Spaces: Black Female Identity via Rap Music Performance.” Journal of American Folklore 113(2000): 255-269.
- _____. Rap Music and Street Consciousness. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2002. 302 p.
- Kitwana, Bakari. The Hip Hop Generation: Young Blacks and the Crisis in African American Culture. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 2002. 230 p.
- Krims, Adam. Rap Music and the Poetics of Identity.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 217 p.
- KRS-ONE. Ruminations. New York: Welcome Rain Publishers, 2003. 263 p.
- Kunjufu, Jawanza. Hip-Hop vs. MAAT: A Psycho/Social Analysis of Values. Chicago: African American Images, 1993. 151 p.
- Kuwahara, Yasue. “Power to the People Y’All: Rap Music, Resistance, and Black College Students.” Humanity and Society 16(1992): 54-73.
- Lang, Clarence. “The New Global and Urban Order: Legacies for the ‘Hip-Hop Generation’.” Race & Society 3 (2000): 111-142.
- Light, Alan, ed. The Vibe History of Hip Hop. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. 418 p.
- Livingston, Samuel Thomas. “The Ideological and Philosophical Influence of the Nation of Islam on Hip-Hop Culture.” Ph.D. Thesis, Temple University, 1998. 242 p.
- Lunine, Brij David. “Genocide ‘n’ Juice: Reading the Postcolonial Discourses in Hip-Hop Culture.” In King, C. Richard, ed. Postcolonial America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2000. 361 p.
- Lusane, Clarence. “Rap, Race, and Politics.” Race & Class 35 (1993): 41-56.
- McDonnell, Judith. “Rap Music: Its Role as an Agent of Change.” Popular Music and Society 16 (1992): 89-107.
- McFarland, Pancho. “Chicano Rap Roots: Black-Brown Cultural Exchange and the Making of a Genre.” Callaloo 29 (Summer 2006): 939
- McLeod, Kembrew. “Authenticity within Hip-Hop and other Cultures Threatened with Assimilation.” Journal of Communication 49 (1999): 134-150.
- Martinez, Theresa. “Popular Culture: Rap as Resistance.” Sociological Perspectives 40 (1997): 265-286.
- Morgan, Joan. “Fly-Girls, Bitches, and Hoes: Notes of a Hip-Hop Feminist.” Social Text 14 (Winter 1995): 151-57.
- Morgan, Marcyliena. “Hip-Hop Women Shredding the Veil: Race and Class in Popular Feminist Identity.” South Atlantic Quarterly 104, no. 3 (Summer2005 2005): 425-444
- Mtume ya Salaam. “The Aesthetics of Rap.” African American Review 29 (1995): 303-315.
- Muhammad, Jesse. “Hip Hoppers Urged to Reclaim Culture from Exploiters.” The Final Call 23 (14 October 2003): 37-38.
- Murray, Derek Conrad and Soraya Murray. “A Rising Generation and the Pleasures of Freedom.” In Post-Black, Post-Soul, or Hip-Hop Iconography-Defining a New Aesthetics, special issue, International Review of African American Art 2005 20 (2): 2-11.
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- _____., ed. ‘This Is How We Flow’: Rhythm in Black Cultures. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1999. 160 p.
- Niesel, Jeff. “Hip-Hop Matters: Rewriting the Sexual Politics of Rap Music.” In Heywood, Leslie, and Jennifer Drake, eds. Third Wave Agenda: Being Feminist, Doing Feminism. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1997. 268 p.
- Ogbar, Jeffrey O. G. “Slouching Toward Bork: The Culture Wars and Self-Criticism in Hip-Hop Music.” Journal of Black Studies 30 (1999): 164-183.
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- Petchauer, Emery Marc. “Welcome to the underground”: Portraits of worldview and education among hip-hop collegians.” Ph.D. Thesis, Regent University, 2007. 326 p.
- Phillips, Layli, Kerri Reddick-Morgan and Dionne Patricia Stephens. “Oppositional Consciousness within an Oppositional Realm: The Cast of Feminism and Womanism in Rap and Hip Hop, 1976-2004.” Journal of African American History 90 (Summer 2005): 253-277.
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- _____. “‘How Ya Livin’?’: Notes on Rap Music and Social Transformation.” Western Journal of Black Studies 23 (1999): 10-21.
- Potter, Russell A. Spectacular Vernaculars: Hip-Hop and the Politics of Postmodernism. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1995. 197 p.
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- Rabaka, Reiland. Hip Hop’s Amnesia: From Blues and the Black Women’s Club Movement to Rap and the Hip Hop Movement. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2012. 354p.
- _____. Hip Hop’s Inheritance: From the Harlem Renaissance to the Hip Hop Feminist Movement. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2011. 284p.
- Ratcliff, Anthony. “The Crisis of the Hip Hop Intellectual”. International Journal of Africana Studies 2010 16 (1): 195-220.
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- Rose, Tricia. Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America. Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press, 1994. 237 p.
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- Sharpley-Whiting, T. Denean. Pimps Up, Ho’s Down: Hip Hop’s Hold On Young Black Women. New York: New York University Press, 2007. 187p.
- Shaw, William. Westside: Young Men and Hip Hop in L.A. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000. 332 p.
- Shelton, Marla L. “Can’t Touch This! Representations of the African American Female Body in Urban Rap Videos.” Popular Music and Society 21 (Fall 1997): 107-116.
- Slovenz, Madeline. “‘Rock the House’: The Aesthetic Dimensions of Rap Music in New York City.” New York Folklore 14 (1998): 151-163.
- Smith, Christopher Holmes. “Method in the Madness: Exploring the Boundaries of Identity in Hip-Hop Performativity.” Social Identities 3 (October 1997): 345-374.
- Sorett, Josef. “Beats, Rhymes, and Bibles: An Introduction to Gospel Hip Hop.” African American Pulpit 10 (Winter 2006-2007): 12-16.
- Spady, James G., Charles G. Lee and H. Samy Alim. Street Conscious Rap. Philadelphia, PA.: Black History Museum Umum/Loh Pub., 1999. 568 p.
- Stanford, Karin L. and Ronald J. Stephens “More than Just Rap Music: Hip Hop Education, Pedagogy and Scholarship in the Academy”. International Journal of Africana Studies 16 (1): 1-12.
- Stephens, Ronald Jemal. “Keepin’ It Real: Towards an Afrocentric Aesthetic Analysis of Rap Music and Hip-Hop Subculture.” Ph.D. Thesis, Temple University, 1996. 389 p.
- Stoute, Steve. The Tanning of America: How Hip-Hop Created a Culture that Rewrote the Rules of the New Economy. New York: Gotham Books, 2011. 290p.
- Suddreth, Courtney B. “Hip-hop Dress and Identity: A Qualitative Study of Music, Materialism, and Meaning.” Ph.D. Thesis, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2009. 136p.
- Sullivan, Rachel E. “Rap and Race: It’s got a Nice Beat, But What About the Message?” Journal of Black Studies 33 (May 2003): 605-622.
- Walcott, Rinaldo Wayne. “Performing the Postmodern: Black Atlantic Rap and Identity in North America.” Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto, 1996. 266 p.
- Washington, Michele Y. “Shaping the New Language of Visual Culture.” International Review of African American Art 2005 20(2): 12-15.
- Watkins, S. Craig. Representing: Hip Hop Culture and the Production of Black Cinema. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. 314 p.
- Watts, Eric King. “Reconstituting `the Message’: An Exploration of Double Consciousness in Rap Artistry.” Ph. D. Thesis, Northwestern University, 1995. 261 p.
- Williams, Frank Douglas. “Rap Music in Society.” Ph. D. Thesis, University of Florida, 1995. 336 p.
- Williams, Matthew W. “Notes from a Hip Hop Preacher.” African American Pulpit 10 (Winter 2006-2007): 18-21.
- Willis, Andre. “A Womanist Turn on the Hip-Hop Theme: Leslie Harris’s Just Another Girl on the IRT.” In Adjaye, Joseph K. and Adrianne R. Andrews, eds. Language, Rhythm, and Sound: Black Popular Cultures into the Twenty-First Century. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997. 324 p.
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Sport et Afro-Américains modifier
Yann Descamps, ’Am I Black Enough for You ?’ Basket-ball, médias et culture afro-américaine aux États-Unis (1950-2015)” https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01555859/document
Le rêve américain au miroir du basket-ball, https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2017/06/BRYGO/57564