Robin Coombs
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Coombs.
Robert Royston Amos ("Robin") Coombs, (Londres, le – ) est un médecin immunologiste britannique connu pour sa participation à la mise au point du test de Coombs (1945) qui permet de mettre en évidence la présence d'immunoglobulines, (qui font partie de la fraction des protéines du plasma appelées à l'époque globulines), test qui deviendra à la base d'examens importants pour la sécurité d'une transfusion sanguine (groupes sanguins, recherche d'anticorps irréguliers), ou pour la recherche de la cause d'une anémie hémolytique.
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Prix Gairdner () Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists (d) |
Le test de Coombs, maintenant appelé test à l'antiglobuline, a, en particulier, permis d'identifier de nombreux groupes sanguins grâce à la mise en évidence de leurs anticorps, et de diagnostiquer les maladies hémolytiques du nouveau-né.
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Il étudie la biologie à Édimbourg puis à Cambridge où il fait son doctorat en 1947. Il devient professeur de biologie en 1966. Ses sujets d'étude concernent essentiellement l'immunologie.
Il publie son travail le plus connu sur la détection des immunoglobulines en 1945 et 1946 avec Arthur Mourant et Rob Race.
Texte anglais à traduire :
He was born in London and studied veterinary medicine at Edinburgh University. In 1943 he commenced work on a doctorate at Cambridge University, where he continued to work until 1988[1]. Already before obtaining his doctorate in 1947 he had described the antiglobulin test that would bear his name.
He became a professor and researcher at the Department of Pathology of University of Cambridge, and a founder of its Division of Immunology.
He received honorary doctoral degress by the University of Guelph, Canada, and the University of Edinburgh, Scotland and was a Fellow of the Royal Society of the United Kingdom (1965), a Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists and a Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.
He was married to Anne Blomfield, his first graduate student. They had a son and a daughter[1].
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Texte anglais à traduire :
His first discovery was the test now referred to as the Coombs test, which according to the legend he first devised while travelling on the train[1], and developed and published together with Dr Arthur Mourant and Dr Rob Race[2]. It has formed the base of a large number of laboratory investigations in the fields of hematology and immunology[3].
Together with Professor Philip George Howthern Gell, he developed a classification of immune mechanisms of tissue injury, now known as the "Gell-Coombs classification", comprising four types of reactions[4].
Together with W.E. Parish and A.F. Wells he put forward an explanation of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) as an anaphylactic reaction to dairy proteins[5]
Références modifier
- Pincock S. Robert Royston Amos (Robin) Coombs. Lancet 2006;367:1234. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68528-0.
- Coombs RRA, Mourant AE, Race RR. Detection of weak and "incomplete" Rh agglutinins: a new test. Lancet 1945;246:15-6. DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(45)90806-3.
- Coombs RR. Historical note: past, present and future of the antiglobulin test. Vox Sang 1998;74:67-73. .
- Gell PGH, Coombs RRA. Clinical Aspects of Immunology. London: Blackwell, 1963.
- Coombs RRA, Parish WE, Walls AF. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Could a healthy infant succumb to inhalation-anaphylaxis during sleep leading to cot death?. Cambridge Publications Ltd, 2000. (ISBN 0954008103).
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