Proto-bantou
| Proto-bantou | |
| Langues filles | langues bantoues |
|---|---|
| Classification par famille | |
|
|
| Codes de langue | |
| IETF | bnt[1]
|
| ISO 639-2 | bnt[1]
|
| ISO 639-5 | bnt[1]
|
modifier  |
|
Le proto-bantou, ou bantou commun, est une langue préhistorique et reconstruite sans témoignage écrit, supposée être à l'origine de toutes les langues dites « bantoues ». Elle a été très partiellement reconstruite à partir de la comparaison entre les langues, actuelles ou anciennes, qui en sont issues. Notre connaissance du proto-bantou repose donc sur la linguistique comparée, et notamment sur la phonétique historique. On peut reconstruire quelques aspects de phonologie de lexique et de morphologie.
Lexique modifier
Les tableaux suivants présentent son lexique selon Bastin et al. (2002)[2]:
Plantes modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *dembedembe | Cassia petersiana | Caesalpiniaceae | arbrisseau | shrub | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *dʊmbʊe | Ixonanthaceae | arbuste à tubercules comestibles | shrub with edible tuber | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||
| *tʊgʊnda | Vangueria sp. | Rubiaceae | arbuste épineux | thorn-shrub | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *pʊkʊ | Vernonia conferta | Compositae | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: C H | ||||
| *cʊmbʊ | Manihot esculenta | Euphorbiaceae | manioc | cassava | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *jʊ̀mbàtɪ̀ | Manihot esculenta | Euphorbiaceae | manioc | cassava | LLL | 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J |
| *dʊndʊ | Manihot esculenta | Euphorbiaceae | manioc | cassava | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: H L | ||
| *dʊ́ngʊ́ | piment ; poivre | red pepper; pepper | HH | N 9/10, (11/10) | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 7: A B C H K L R | ||
| *dʊ́ʊ́ngʊ́ | poivre | shrub: pepper | HHH | N 9/10, (11/10) | Pas d'opposition établie V/VV dans ce contexte. | ||
| *kómà | Grewia spp. | Tiliaceae | HL | 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *kʊ́dianjánà | Clerodendrum myricoides | Verbenaceae | H__HL | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *cèngèdè | Bambusoideae | bambou | bamboo | LLL | 3 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 3: L M S | |
| *cʊ́nʊ́nʊ́ | Bambusoideae | bambou | bamboo | HHH | 3/4 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 3: F L M | |
| *gànò | Bambusoideae | bambou | bamboo | LL | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |
| *cèngʊ́ | Bambusoideae | bambou | bamboo | LH | 11 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |
| *donge | Bambusoideae | bambou | bamboo | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: J M | |||
| *njú | Arachis sp. | Fabaceae | arachide | groundnut | H | N | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: B H |
| *jʊ̀gʊ́ | Fabaceae | arachide | groundnut | LH | N 9/10, (11/10) | Regions 4: NW NE SE - Zones 5: B C E G S | |
| *jʊ̀kʊ́ | Fabaceae | arachide | groundnut | LH | N 11 | Regions 3: NW SE - Zones 2: C S | |
| *jʊ́ngʊ́ | Cucurbita sp. | Cucurbitaceae | courge | pumpkin | HH | N 3/4, 5/6 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 7: E F J L M N P |
| *tʊʊtʊ | Cucurbitaceae | courge | pumpkin | Regions 3: SW NE - Zones 2: K J | |||
| *pʊ̀dí | Cucurbita sp. | Cucurbitaceae | courge | pumpkin | LH | N (5/6) | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 5: E L M N S |
| *cʊʊca | Cucurbitaceae | feuille de courge | pumpkin leaf | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |||
| *kʊ́ndè | Phaseolus sp. | Fabaceae | haricot | bean | HL | N 5/6, 9/10, 11/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 11: A C D E G K L M N P R |
| *kʊ̀á | Dioscorea | igname sp. | yam sp. | LH | N 7/8 | Regions 4: NW SW NE - Zones 4: A B E H | |
| *kutɪ | Entada gigas | Mimosaceae | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: C H | ||||
| *cʊcʊ | ortie sp. | nettle sp. | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *jʊ̀mbʊ̀ | Ipomoea batatas | Convolvulaceae | patate douce | sweet potato | LL | 7 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 3: J L M |
| *tʊda | Solanum nigrum | Solanaceae | solanée sp. | nightshade | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 4: E G N S | ||
| *kuanka | Nicotiana tabacum | Solanaceae | tabac | tobacco | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *tamba | Ipomoea sp. | Convolvulaceae | patate douce | sweet potato | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 2: C L | ||
| *cʊ́á | Poaceae sp. | HH | N | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: D E F H J L M S | |||
| *mʊ̀dɪ̀ | Poaceae sp. | LL | 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |||
| *nàdì | Parinari spp. | Rosaceae | LL | 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *gomeda | Mitragyna rubrostipulata | Rubiaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *tàmbiá | Pouzolzia hypoleuca | Urticaceae | L_H | 3+9 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *dàgò | plante médicinale à bulbe | medicinal plant with bulb | LL | N 5 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *jènyè | plante odorante sp. | fragrant plant sp. | LL | 11 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: L | ||
| *dàndà | plante rampante sp. ; liane | creeping plant sp.; liana | LL | N 3 | Regions 3: NW Ce NE - Zones 3: C D J | ||
| *bónò | Ricinus communis | Euphorbiaceae | ricin | castor-oil plant | HL | N 3/4, (5/6) | Regions 4: NW SW Ce NE - Zones 6: B E G J H M |
| *mónò | Ricinus communis | Euphorbiaceae | ricin | castor-oil plant | HL | N (3/4), (11/10) | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 5: H K L M R |
| *genge | Spondias spp. | Anacardiaceae | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: C H | ||||
| *camba | Lannea sp. | Anacardiaceae | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||||
| *kinga | Papowia obovata | Anonaceae | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: M S | ||||
| *pingampada | Blechnaceae sp. | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | |||||
| *támbá | Bombacaceae sp. | HH | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | |||
| *bombʊe | Boscia spp. | Capparaceae | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||||
| *jamba | Cannabinaceae sp. | chanvre | hemp | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 4: H K L M | |||
| *godo | Combretum spp. | Combretaceae | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 3: E N S | ||||
| *kòndè | Euphorbia ingens | Euphorbiaceae | LL | N 3 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *dɪ́anjònì | Sapotaceae sp. | Euphorbiaceae | H_LL | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: G J | ||
| *ciici | Symphonia sp. | Guttiferae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: F J | ||||
| *congʊa | Garcinia huillensis | Guttiferae | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: K L M | ||||
| *kóndè | Phaseolus sp. | Fabaceae | haricot | bean | HL | N 11 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C |
| *démbé | Strophanthus spp. | Apocynaceae | liane toxique | poisoness creeper | HH | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M |
| *támbá | Strychnos sp. | Loganiaceae | HH | 3 | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 2: E S | ||
| *jóngójàmbá | Albizzia spp. | Mimosaceae | HHLH | N | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *ceeno | Ficus spp. | Moraceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *kòmí | Myrianthus arboreus | Moraceae | LH | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *céngà | Pycnanthus spp. | Myristicaceae | HL | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *panga | Maesa lanceolata | Myrsinaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *koma | Arecaceae spp. | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 3: E F L | |||||
| *còngú | Maesopsis eminii | Rhamnaceae | LH | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *bónòbónò | Ricinus communis | Euphorbiaceae | ricin | castor oil plant | HLHL | N 3/4 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: J M |
| *bɪdʊ | Vangueria sp. | Rubiaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: E G | ||||
| *cambɪa | Sapotaceae spp. | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 4: E G J M | |||||
| *dede | Sterculia africana | Sterculiaceae | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: N S | ||||
| *godia | Sterculia spp. | Sterculiaceae | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 3: E G S | ||||
| *bábì | Urera tenax | Urticaceae | HL | N | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *joco | Oryza sativa | Poaceae | riz | rice | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: C H | ||
| *pʊ̀ngà | Oryza sp. | Poaceae | riz | rice | LL | N 3 | Distribution provisoirement réunie avec HH, fiche 2656. A étudier. Diffusion ? |
| *pʊ̀ngá | Oryza sp. | Poaceae | riz | rice | LH | N 3 | Distribution provisoirement réunie avec HH, fiche 2656. A étudier. Diffusion ? |
| *pʊ́ngá | Oryza sp. | Poaceae | riz | rice | HH | N 3 | Regions 4: NW Ce NE SE - Zones 9: C E G J L M N P S |
| *tétè | HL | N 5/6, (11/10) | LL en L31a luba-Ks . VV en J . | ||||
| *dʊ̀ndʊ̀ | liane à caoutchouc | gum creeper | LL | 14-Sep | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K L | ||
| *tʊ́pɪ̀ | Landolphia sp. | Apocynaceae | liane à caoutchouc | gum creeper | HL | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C |
| *bʊ̀ngò | Landolphia sp. | Apocynaceae | liane et son fruit | creeper and fruit | LL | N 5 - 3 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 7: E G J L M N S |
| *bʊ́gʊ́ | liane sp. | creeper sp. | HH | 3-Sep | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: E J | ||
| *cʊ̀dɪ́ | liane sp. | creeper sp. | LH | 11 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *dʊ̀gʊ̀ | Piper guineense | Piperaceae | liane sp. | creeper sp. | LL | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C |
| *nyàngá | Landolphia buchananii | Apocynaceae | LH | 11 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: L S | ||
| *ntʊ̀kʊjìnama | Clematis | Ranunculaceae | L_L__ | N 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: L | ||
| *tétè | roseau ; liane | reed; liana | HL | N 5/6, (11/10) | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 13: B C D F G H K L M N P R S | ||
| *càngà | roseau spp. | reed spp. | LL | 11 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *déngé | Poaceae sp. | roseau | reed | HH | 5 | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 3: C D L |
Arbres modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *càmbà | Brachystegia spp. | Caesalpiniaceae | LL | N 3 | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 4: C K L M | ||
| *tɪ́ | arbre ; bâton | tree; stick | H | N 3/4 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 14: A B C D E F G H J K L M R S | ||
| *tungo | Anisophyllea | Anisophylleaceae | arbre (fruit comestible) | tree (edible fruit) | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: H L M | ||
| *bɪ́dɪ́ | Canarium schweinfurthii | Burseraceae | arbre (safoutier) | HH | N 3 | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 6: A C D H K L | |
| *cʊpi | Bombacaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: G J | |||||
| *camba | Commiphora | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *nyíngà | Pterocarpus sp. | arbre à bois rouge | tree with red wood | HL | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: F | |
| *còngòdè | Strychnos cocculoides | Loganiaceae | arbre à fruits comestibles | tree with edible fruits | LLL | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M |
| *bʊ̀dɪ̀ | Diplorhynchus sp. | Apocynaceae | arbre à glu | bird-lime tree | LL | 3/4 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K L |
| *pɪ̀dà | arbre à gomme ; caoutchouc | rubber-tree; rubber | LL | N 3 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 8: D E G J L M N S | ||
| *bʊ̀jʊ́ | Adansonia digitata | Bombacaceae | arbre baobab | baobab | LH | N 3/4 | Regions 4: NW Ce NE SE - Zones 5: C G M N S |
| *jìngà | arbre épineux | thorn-tree | LL | N | C1 y chez Gt. | ||
| *ngà | arbre épineux | thorn-tree | L | N | Gt ps 200 | ||
| *gʊ̀ngà | Acacia sp. | Mimosaceae | arbre épineux | thorn-tree | LL | N 3/4, 5/6 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: E G J K L M N S |
| *kʊda | Pterocarpus sp. | Fabaceae | arbre fournissant poudre rouge | tree providing red powder | HL | N 3 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: K L M |
| *kòmè | Strychnos spp. | Loganiaceae | arbre fruitier | fruit tree | LL | 3 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 3: J L M |
| *kabu | Ancistrophyllum secundiflorum | Arecaceae | arbre palmier | palm-tree | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: C H | ||
| *cʊgʊcʊgʊ | Phoenix reclinata | Arecaceae | arbre palmier | palm-tree | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *bude | Salix subserrata | Salicaceae | arbre saule | willow | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: M S | ||
| *dímàmʊ̀dɪ̀dò | arbre sp. | HLLLL | N 7 | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 2: J S | |||
| *càcè | arbre sp. (bois utilisé pour mortiers) | tree sp. (wood used for mortars) | LL | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *bʊmbo | Lannea sp. | Anacardiaceae | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 4: J L M S | ||||
| *kùkà | Alstonia congensis | Apocynaceae | LL | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A C | ||
| *bàmbʊ̀àngòmà | Balanites aegyptiaca | Apocynaceae | LLLLL | N 3 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 3: L M S | ||
| *bàmbʊ̀àngòmà | Carissa edulis | Balanitaceae | LLLLL | N 3 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 3: L M S | ||
| *cʊbo | Brachystegia sp. | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K L | ||||
| *tʊ́pà | Euphorbia candelabrum | Euphorbiaceae | euphorbe candélabre | HL | 3 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: J L | |
| *pʊndʊ | Parinari mobola | Rosaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *pʊʊpʊe | Fagara sp. | Rutaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *toba | Diplorhynchus spp. | Apocynaceae | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 3: M N S | ||||
| *càcà | Sapium ellipticum | Euphorbiaceae | LL | 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: F J | ||
| *jɪba | Acacia sp. | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||||
| *dódò | Anona spp. | Anonaceae | HL | N 3 | Regions 4: NW SW Ce SE - Zones 6: C H K L M S | ||
| *kompua | Carissa edulis | Apocynaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *jengede | Diplorhynchus mossambicensis | Apocynaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *kudʊ | Polyscias sp. | Araliaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: E J | ||||
| *dámbà | baobab | baobab | HL | N 3/4 | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 3: E G P | ||
| *dámbé | baobab | baobab | HH | N 3/4 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: N P | ||
| *bídʊ | bibassier (dit néflier) | medlar tree | H_ | 3 | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 4: F G J S | ||
| *cɪoda | Markhamia platycalyx | Bignoniaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *búgangòmà | Cordia sp. | Boraginaceae | H_LL | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *jɪ́dɪ́ | Canarium schweinfurthii | Burseraceae | HH | N | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A C | ||
| *pùmbè | Caesalpiniaceae | LL | 3/4 | Regions 3: SW Ce NE - Zones 4: J K L M | |||
| *kamba | Afzelia quanzensis | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 2: E S | ||||
| *caka | Brachystegia spp. | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: M | ||||
| *pʊ̀mí | Erythrophleum guineense | Caesalpiniaceae | LH | N | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 4: C D K M | ||
| *tʊkʊtʊ | Piliostigma thonningii | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: N S | ||||
| *dama | Piliostigma thonningii | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *gùmbú | Schotia romii | Caesalpiniaceae | LH | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *dàdé | Schwarzia madagascariensis | Caesalpiniaceae | LH | 9 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: K L M | ||
| *dʊdʊe | Caesalpiniaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||||
| *konono | Terminalia spp. | Combretaceae | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||||
| *damane | Combretum ghasalense | Combretaceae | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: M S | ||||
| *pʊmpa | Combretum sp. | Combretaceae | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||||
| *dàmá | Combretum spp. | Combretaceae | LH | 3 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 6: E F J L M N | ||
| *cʊ́cʊ̀ | Terminalia sp. | Combretaceae | HL | 3 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *dʊdʊdia | Vernonia sp. | Compositae | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 2: J S | ||||
| *ntʊ̀pìita | Ebenaceae | LL__ | N 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||
| *ntʊ̀kapìita | Ebenaceae | L_L__ | N 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||
| *pumbo | Diospyros batocana | Ebenaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *kenge | Diospyros spp. | Ebenaceae | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: L S | ||||
| *pɪ́ngò | ébène | ebony-tree | HL | N 3/4 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 5: E G N P S | ||
| *caca | Macaranga sp. | Euphorbiaceae | Regions 3: NW NE - Zones 2: C J | ||||
| *cʊ̀kʊ̀ | Uapaca sp. | Euphorbiaceae | LL | 3 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 4: L M N S | ||
| *kʊ̀cʊ̀ | Uapaca sp. | Euphorbiaceae | LL | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *dɪ̀ndì | Erythrina sp. | Fabaceae | LL | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *dʊngʊ | Erythrina sp. | Fabaceae | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 3: E J S | ||||
| *bàngá | Pericopsis angolensis | Fabaceae | LH | N 3 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 5: J K L M S | ||
| *dombʊa | Pterocarpus angolensis | Fabaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *kʊ́nyʊ̀ | Moraceae | figuier | fig-tree | HL | N 3/4 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: J M | |
| *kʊ́jà | Ficus sp. | Moraceae | figuier | fig-tree | HL | N | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: L S |
| *kʊ́jʊ̀ | Ficus sp. | Moraceae | figuier | fig-tree | HL | N 3/4, 7/8 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 12: D E F G H J K L N P R S |
| *pudu | Irvingiaceae sp. | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | |||||
| *jembe | manguier | mango-tree | N 3 | Regions 3: SW Ce NE - Zones 5: E H J L M | |||
| *dʊdʊ | Meliaceae sp. | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 3: L M S | |||||
| *bʊba | Mimosaceae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: J M | |||||
| *cangʊ | Mimosaceae spp. | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: M S | |||||
| *gàndò | Acacia spp. | Mimosaceae | LL | 11 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *cebeja | Albizzia spp. | Mimosaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *pʊngɪ | Bosqueia angolensis | Moraceae | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||||
| *bude | Chlorophora excelsa | Moraceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 3: E G J | ||||
| *dʊ̀ndʊ́ | Chlorophora excelsa | Moraceae | LH | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *tàbà | Ficus | Moraceae | LL | 3 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K M | ||
| *dʊmba | Ficus sp. | Moraceae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 3: D J L | ||||
| *gùmò | Ficus sp. | Moraceae | LL | 3/4 | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 3: G J S | ||
| *còmbò | Myrtaceae spp. | LL | 3 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: K L M | |||
| *donko | Milletia sp. | Papilionaceae | petit arbre | small tree | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *túdà | Sclerocarya birrea caffra | Anacardiaceae | noyer sauvage | wild nut-tree | HL | 3/4 | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: N S |
| *kɪ̀ndʊ́ | Phoenix reclinata | Arecaceae | LH | N 3/4 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: E G J K L M P S | ||
| *dàdá | Arecaceae | palmier ; palme | palm-tree; palm-frond | LH | N 3/4 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 7: G H L M N P S | |
| *bádè | Arecaceae | palmier sp. ; nervure de palme ; palme | palm-tree; midrib of palm-frond; leaf of palm | HL | N 3/4, 7/8 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: B E G K L M P R | |
| *téndé | Elaeis guineensis | Arecaceae | palmier | palm-tree | HH | N (3/4) | Regions 4: NW SW NE - Zones 3: A G H |
| *téndé | Elaeis guineensis | Arecaceae | palmier | palm-tree | HH | N (3/4) | |
| *tèmbè | Ensete | plantain sauvage | wild plantain | LL | 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |
| *canɪnga | Faurea sp. | Proteaceae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *tobo | prunier sauvage | wild plum | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 3: M N P | ||||
| *bóngò | Raphia humilis | HL | 5 | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 3: B D H | |||
| *kʊndʊ | Mitragyna rubrostipulata | Rubiaceae | N 3 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: E | |||
| *dʊdʊ | Chrysophyllum albidum | Sapotaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *pumbʊ | Tiliaceae | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | |||||
| *dʊndʊ | Celtis sp. | Ulmaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: E | ||||
| *jʊpue | Myrianthus holstii | Urticaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *kudʊ | Vitex sp. | Verbenaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 3: E G J | ||||
| *kudʊmbʊa__HL | Vitex sp. | Verbenaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *kútʊ̀ | Vitex sp. | Verbenaceae | HL | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *kútʊ̀kɪnka | Vitex sp. | Verbenaceae | HL__ | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: L | ||
| *dìgá | Arecaceae | noix de palme | nut of oil-palm | LH | 3 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | |
| *jʊ̀mbá | Elaeis guineensis | Arecaceae | noix de palme de l'arbre | palm nut of tree | LH | 11 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C |
| *gàdí | Arecaceae | noix de palmier à huile | nut of oil-palm | LH | N 9/10, (11/10) | Gt 768 | |
| *nkòndò | Musaceae | banane | banana | LL | N 5/6, 7/8 | Agglutination de PN 9. | |
| *tʊntʊ | Musa sp. | Musaceae | banane (à bière) | banana (for beer), fruit of Musaceae | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *nyamʊjinyʊ | Musaceae | banane comestible sp. | edible banana sp. | HL | N 9 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |
| *kòndè | Musaceae | banane | banana | LL | N 5/6, (7/8) | Regions 4: NW SW Ce NE - Zones 11: A B C D F H K L M N R | |
| *kòndò | Musaceae | banane | banana | LL | N 5/6, 7/8 | Regions 4: NW SW NE - Zones 6: A B C G H K | |
| *tuka | Musa sp. | Musaceae | banane (fruit de l'arbre) | banana (fruit of plant) | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: C H | ||
| *kòòndè | Musaceae | banane | banana | LLL | N 5/6, (7/8) | Pas d'opposition établie V/VV dans ce contexte. | |
| *kòòndò | Musaceae | banane | banana | LLL | N 5/6, 7/8 | Pas d'opposition établie entre V/ VV dans ce contexte. |
Mammifères modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *játɪ́ | Syncerus caffer (nanus) | buffle | HH | N 9/10 | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 5: B C M N R | ||
| *bògó | Syncerus caffer | buffle | LH | N 9/10 | Regions 3: NW Ce NE - Zones 9: A C D E F G J M N | ||
| *pàkàcà | Syncerus caffer | buffle | LLL | N 9/10 | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 4: B H K L | ||
| *játɪ̀ | Syncerus caffer (nanus) | buffle | HL | N 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: A | ||
| *játì | Syncerus caffer (nanus) | buffle | HL | N 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A B | ||
| *nyátɪ̀ | Syncerus caffer (nanus) | buffle | HL | N 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 9: B C E G M N P R S | ||
| *kʊngʊdʊ | Loxodonta africana | éléphant adulte | adult elephant | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||
| *jàmbá | Loxodonta africana | éléphant | elephant | LH | 9/10 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: H L R | |
| *jègù | Loxodonta africana | éléphant | elephant | LL | N (9/10) | Regions 3: NW Ce NE - Zones 3: A J L | |
| *jògʊ̀ | Loxodonta africana | éléphant | elephant | LL | N 9/10 | Regions 3: SW SE - Zones 2: R S | |
| *jògù | Loxodonta africana | éléphant | elephant | LL | N (9/6), 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 14: A B C D E F G J K L M N R S | |
| *pʊdɪ | Loxodonta africana | éléphant | elephant | Regions 3: NW NE - Zones 2: B F | |||
| *conɪ | Atelerix frontalis | Erinaceidae | hérisson | hedgehog | Regions 3: SW SE - Zones 2: R S | ||
| *gʊ̀bú | Hippopotamus amphibius | hippopotame | hippopotamus | LH | N 9/10 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: H K L | |
| *gùbʊ́ | Hippopotamus amphibius | hippopotame | hippopotamus | LH | N 9/6, 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 14: A B C D E F H J K L M N R S | |
| *gùbú | Hippopotamus amphibius | hippopotame | hippopotamus | LH | N 9/6, 9/10 | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 3: C K R | |
| *mondo | Leptailurus serval | Felidae | chat-tigre, serval | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J |
Antilopes modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *bindi | Cephalophus callipygus; Cephalophus nigrifrons | antilope | antelope | LH | A | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: A | |
| *bàbàdá | guib | bushbuck | LLH | N 9/10 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 4: G N P S | ||
| *pàmbí | guib | bushbuck | LH | 9 | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 2: C D | ||
| *dooko | Hippotragus niger | antilope des sables | sable antelope | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K L | |||
| *cèpú | Taurotragus oryx | éland | LH | N (1a/2), (9/10) | Regions 3: SW Ce SE - Zones 5: H K L M P | ||
| *cèkú | Tragelaphus oryx | éland | LH | N (1a/2), (9/10) | C2 ? Choix arbitraire. | ||
| *tàmʊ̀ | Tragelaphus oryx | éland | LL | 9 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *cètú | Tragelaphus oryx | éland | LH | N (1a/2), (9/10) | C2 ? Choix arbitraire. | ||
| *pàdá | Aepyceros melampus | impala | LH | N (3/4), 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 10: C E F G J L M P R S | ||
| *cʊnʊ | Aepyceros melampus | impala | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *codongo | Tragelaphus sp. | kudu | Regions 1: SW - Zones 2: K R | ||||
| *tándadá | Tragelaphus sp. | kudu | H_H | 9 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *cɪ́dàbò | Ourebia ourebi | ourébi | oribi | HLL | 9 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |
| *kʊcʊ | Alcelaphus buselaphus | bubale | Regions 1: SW - Zones 1: R | ||||
| *pòngò | Tragelaphus scriptus | guib | bushbuck | LL | N 9 | Regions 3: NW NE - Zones 4: A F G J | |
| *kudupa | Cephalophus dorsalis | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | |||||
| *kʊdʊpa | Cephalophus dorsalis | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 2: C L | |||||
| *bambɪ | Cephalophus sp. | Regions 1: SW - Zones 3: H K R | |||||
| *tèngʊ́ | Hippotragus equinus | LH | N 9 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 6: C J K L M S | |||
| *pùmbó | Hippotragus sp. | LH | 11 | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 2: C L | |||
| *gʊ̀dʊ́dʊ | Oreotragus oreotragus (transvaalensis) | LH_ | 9/10 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | |||
| *cama | Reduncinae spp. | waterbuck, reedbuck | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *jàdìà | Redunca arundinum | Reduncinae | reedbuck | LLL | 9 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |
| *kókó | Tragelaphus scriptus | HH | 3/4 | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: A H |
Rongeurs modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *cèngí | Thryonomys swinderianus | rat des roseaux ; rat-castor | cane-rat; beaver-rat | LH | N 9/10 | Regions 3: SW Ce SE - Zones 5: K L M N S | |
| *cèndí | Thryonomys swinderianus | rat des roseaux ; rat-castor | cane-rat; beaver-rat | LH | N 9/10 | Réflexes ambigus de C2 : choix arbitraire. | |
| *kengi | Thryonomys swinderianus | rat des roseaux ; rat-castor | cane-rat; beaver-rat | Pas d'attestation sûre. | |||
| *kònjò | rat domestique | domestic rat | LL | N 5 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 1: S | ||
| *gode | rongeur ; rat | rodent; rat | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 2: G S | ||||
| *dʊ̀ngʊ́ | porc-épic | porcupine | LH | N (7/8), 9/10 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 7: E F G M N R S | ||
| *nʊ̀ngɪ́ | porc-épic | porcupine | LH | N (7/8) | Règle de Meinhof, cl. 9 attestée en N41. | ||
| *nʊ̀ngʊ́ | porc-épic | porcupine | LH | N 9/10 | Règle de Meinhof. | ||
| *nùngʊ́ | porc-épic | porcupine | LH | N 9/10 | Seule attestation plausible: R22. | ||
| *dʊ̀ngɪ́ | Hystricidae | porc-épic | porcupine | LH | N | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: K M N | |
| *pʊ́kʊ̀ | rat ; souris | rat; mouse | HL | N 1a/2, 5/6, 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 14: A B C D F G H K L M N P R S | ||
| *dʊnga | souris (malodorante) sp. | mouse (ill smelling) sp. | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *cʊdʊ | Tatera sp. | Murides | souris | mouse | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: L |
Singes modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *còkó | Cercopithecus spp. | LH | N 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: A C D G K L M S | |||
| *jʊ̀mbʊ́ | Mandrillus sphinx | mandrill | mandrill | LH | 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: A | |
| *tʊmbɪdɪ | Cercopithecus | N | 9 | Regions 2: NE SE - Zones 3: G F S | |||
| *gìdà | Gorilla gorilla | Cercopithecidae | LL | N 9 | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 3: A C D | ||
| *pʊndʊ | chimpanzé | chimpanzee | Regions 3: SW NE - Zones 2: J K | ||||
| *geje | Colobus spp. | colobe noir-et-blanc | black and white colobus | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J |
Oiseaux modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *dègè | tisserin | weaver-bird | LL | N 9/10 | Regions 3: NW Ce NE - Zones 7: B C E F G J M | ||
| *joco | canard sauvage | wild duck | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *tɪ̀ɪ̀tɪ̀ | oiseau chanteur, fauvette | singing bird, warbler | LLL | 12 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *cʊ́dè | Colius striatus | Coliidae | oiseau coliou | HL | 9/10 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |
| *pʊngʊa | oiseau de proie sp. | bird of prey sp. | N 1a | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||
| *bemba | oiseau de proie spp. | bird of prey spp. | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *kódì | oiseau de proie spp., faucon spp. | bird of prey spp., hawk spp. | HL | N (5/6), (7/8), 9/10, 11/10, (12/13), (19/13) | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 12: A B C D G J K L M N R S | ||
| *kʊ̀tà | oiseau sp. | bird sp. | LL | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *dʊ̀kʊ̀ | oiseau sp. | bird sp. | LL | N 9 | Regions 4: NW NE SE - Zones 3: C J S | ||
| *dʊmbʊa | oiseau sp. (volant en groupe) | bird sp. (flying in group) | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *pʊ́ngʊ́ | aigle ; corbeau ; oiseau de proie | eagle; crow; bird of prey | HH | N 5/6, 7/8, 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 11: A C E G H J K L N P S | ||
| *pʊ́ngʊ̀è | aigle ; corbeau ; oiseau de proie | eagle; crow; bird of prey | HLL | N | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 4: F J L S | ||
| *kʊadi | aigle pêcheur | fish eagle | N 9 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 5: J L M N P | |||
| *camba | Accipitridae sp. | aigle | eagle | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |||
| *poi | autruche | ostrich | Regions 3: SW SE - Zones 2: R S | ||||
| *gòmbà | calao | hornbill | LL | 3+9 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *cʊʊpe | canard | duck | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *cʊecʊe | canard ; oie | duck; goose | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||||
| *kʊ́mbɪ́ | cigogne sp. | stork sp. | HH | N (9/10) | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 4: C K L R | ||
| *kʊngʊbʊ | corbeau | crow | Regions 2: Ce SE - Zones 2: N S | ||||
| *kʊ́mbɪ́ | faucon | hawk | HH | N (9/10) | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 3: A C L | ||
| *gʊ̀àdɪ́ | francolin | francolin | LLH | N (7/8), 9/10 | Vérifier les réflexes de NC (contact PN 9 et C1). | ||
| *kʊ̀àdɪ́ | Francolinus natalensis | francolin | francolin | LLH | N 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 11: A B C H J K L N P R S | |
| *kʊ̀àdé | Francolinus natalensis | francolin | francolin | LLH | N (7/8), 9/10 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 8: E F G J L M N S | |
| *cambɪ | grue couronnée | crested crane | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *tʊatʊa | héron sp. | heron sp. | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *jàngé | aigrette ; héron | heron; egret | LH | N 9 | Regions 3: SW Ce NE - Zones 5: E G H J L | ||
| *cukudu | Strigidae | hibou | owl | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A C | |||
| *puɪpuɪ | Strigidae | hibou | owl | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | |||
| *pʊ́ngʊ̀dʊ | Strigidae | hibou | owl | HL_ | N 7 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: J L | |
| *pʊʊnyɪda | Strigidae | hibou | owl | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | |||
| *bʊembʊeto | Upupidae | huppe | hoopoe | Regions 1: SW - Zones 1: K | |||
| *nganga | ibis | ibis | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||||
| *jondia | merle | blackbird | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *coode | Passer domesticus | Ploceidae | moineau | sparrow | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 2: C L | ||
| *cʊ̀kʊ̀ | perroquet | parrot | LL | N 12 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: G M | ||
| *dongo | perroquet | parrot | N 12 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K L | |||
| *kʊ̀cʊ̀ | perroquet | parrot | LL | N (1a/2), (9/6), 9/10 | Regions 4: NW SW Ce NE - Zones 9: A B C E F H J L M | ||
| *gʊ̀cʊ̀ | perroquet sp. | parrot sp. | LL | N 9/10 | Pas de réflexes clairs de g . | ||
| *jʊ́bà | pigeon | pigeon | HL | N 5 | Regions 1: SE - Zones 2: P S | ||
| *pʊ́mpʊ́ | pigeon | pigeon | HH | 7+9 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *bɪmbɪ | pigeon sp. | pigeon sp. | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||||
| *gɪ́bà | pigeon sp. | pigeon sp. | HL | N | Gt ps 216 | ||
| *jɪ́bà | pigeon sp. | pigeon sp. | HL | N 5/6, 5/10 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 8: E F G J M N P S | ||
| *jɪ́bà | pigeon sp. | pigeon sp. | HL | N | Gt C1 y /j: voir fiche 1591. | ||
| *kʊ́ndá | pigeon sp. | pigeon sp. | HH | N (1a/2), 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: B G H L M N P R | ||
| *bèmbɪ́ | pigeon spp. | pigeon spp. | LH | 9 | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: H K L | ||
| *kángà | pintade | guinea-fowl | HL | N 9/10 | Regions 5: NW SW Ce NE SE - Zones 16: A B C D E F G H J K L M N P R S | ||
| *kòkú | pintade | guinea-fowl | LH | N 11 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *cacɪ | pique-bœufs | tick-bird | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||||
| *jukʊa | poule | chicken | Regions 1: SW - Zones 1: R | ||||
| *kúbà | poule | chicken | HL | N 9/6 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 3: A B C | ||
| *kʊ́kʊ̀ | poule | chicken | HL | N 9/10 | Distribution provisoirement avec HH, fiche 2021. Tons ? | ||
| *kʊ́kʊ́ | poule | chicken | HH | N 9/10 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 11: G E F H K L M N P R S | ||
| *kʊ́mbʊ́ | poule | chicken | HH | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: L | ||
| *cʊ́gé | poulet, jeune poule | chicken, young hen | HH | 7 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *cʊ̀ì | poussin | chick | LL | 12/13 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: E J | ||
| *jò | rapace spp. | raptor spp. | L | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *dègè | tisserin | weaver-bird | LL | N | Gt 522 | ||
| *dʊba | touraco | turaco | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 3: H L M |
Poissons modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *bonde | Chrysichthys brachynema | Bagridae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D G | ||||
| *kèké | Luciolates stappersi | Centropomidae | LH | N 3 | Regions 3: NW Ce NE - Zones 4: C D G J | ||
| *nʊ̀ngɪ́ | Grammatotria lemairii | Cichlidae | LH | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *dòmò | Haplochromis horei | Cichlidae | LL | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *dʊnga | poisson salé et séché | salted and dried fish | N | 5 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *dombe | Clariidae sp. | poisson silure | sheat-fish | Regions 2: SW Ce - Zones 2: K L | |||
| *pàtà | poisson sp., avec nageoire venimeuse | fish sp., with venomous flipper | LL | 11 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M | ||
| *bàndà | Hydrocynus sp. | Characidae | poisson tigre | tiger-fish | LL | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 4: D G L M |
| *kodo | Clariidae sp. | poisson, silure | cat-fish | Regions 3: NW NE - Zones 3: A C J | |||
| *càngàdà | Lates mariae | Centropomidae | LLL | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D G | ||
| *gongo | Synodontis multipunctatus | Mochokidae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D | ||||
| *cimba | Marcusenius stanleyanus | Mormyridae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *pété | Ctenopoma kingsleyae | Anabantidae | HH | 7/8 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *kʊ́ngá | Protopteridae sp. | anguille | eel | HH | N 3/4, 9/10 | Regions 4: SW Ce NE SE - Zones 8: D E G L N P R S | |
| *kámbà | Bagridae sp. | HL | 9 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | |||
| *bʊ̀já | Auchenoglanis occidentalis | Bagridae | LH | 7/8 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D | ||
| *nʊ̀ngú | Bagrus ubangensis | Bagridae | LH | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D | ||
| *bʊ̀kʊ̀ | Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus | Bagridae | LL | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *budʊe | Chrysichthys brachynema | Bagridae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *tudi | Chrysichthys thysi | Bagridae | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||||
| *kʊ́kʊ̀ | Parauchenoglanis pantherinus | Bagridae | HL | 5/6 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *kaba | Caranx hippos | Carangidae | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: B H | ||||
| *gòmbà | Lates angustifrons | Centropomidae | LL | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *pídì | Parachanna obscura | Channidae | HL | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *pʊngʊ | Alestes macrolepidotus | Characidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D G | ||||
| *jábá | Alestes macrophthalmus | Characidae | HH | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *jéngè | Hepsetus odoe | Characidae | HL | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: D L | ||
| *gòdoko | Alestes rhodopleura | Characidae | L__ | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D G | ||
| *bego | Lamprologus compressiceps | Cichlidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *dʊnda | Xenotilapia melanogenys | Cichlidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *dɪdɪma | Callochromis macrops melanostigma | Cichlidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *dàdà | Cyathopharynx furcifer | Cichlidae | LL | 5 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *kóòkó | Haplotaxodon microlepis | Cichlidae | HLH | 11 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D | ||
| *kègé | Hemichromis elongatus | Cichlidae | LH | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *tíndí | Hemichromis elongatus | Cichlidae | HH | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *dʊ́dʊà | Lamprologus elongatus | Cichlidae | H_L | 3 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *jekedede | Lamprologus callipterus | Cichlidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *kàdàkàtà | Lamprologus lemairei | Cichlidae | LLLL | 7 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *kʊmbɪ | Lamprologus modestus | Cichlidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *púbépúbè | Limnochromis auritus | Cichlidae | HHHL | 7 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *kʊngʊda | Limnotilapia dardennii | Cichlidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 3: D G J | ||||
| *búndú | Tilapia heudelotii | Cichlidae | HH | 7/8 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 3: A B C | ||
| *gòtó | Clarias gariepinus | Clariidae | LH | 9/10 | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: B H | ||
| *dʊ́mɪ́ | Clarias lazera | Clariidae | HH | 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *càmbàngòdà | Heterobranchus longifilis | Clariidae | LLLL | 7 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D | ||
| *gòdà | Clarias pachynema | Clariidae | LL | N 9/10 | Regions 3: NW SW Ce - Zones 4: A B D H | ||
| *camba | Clupeidae sp. | Regions 2: NW Ce - Zones 2: A D | |||||
| *dʊmba | Stolothrissa tanganicae | Clupeidae | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||||
| *bíja | Limnothrissa miodon | Clupeidae | H_ | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *cúí | Barbus compinei | Cyprinidae | HH | N | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A B | ||
| *pʊndi | Barbus holotaenia | Cyprinidae | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D | ||||
| *túngú | Labeo sp. | Cyprinidae | HH | 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *pèní | Raiamas buchholzi | Cyprinidae | LH | 3/4 - 11/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *bàdàkà | Varicorhinus tanganicae | Cyprinidae | LLL | 9 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D J | ||
| *cándʊ́ | Distichodus fasciolatus | Distichodontidae | HH | 5/6 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *cʊ̀kʊ̀ | Distichodus fasciolatus | Distichodontidae | LL | 5/6 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *kʊ̀cɪ̀ | Distichodus hypostomatus | Distichodontidae | LL | 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *dèké | Malapterurus electricus | Malapteruridae | LH | 5/6 | Regions 2: NW SW - Zones 2: B H | ||
| *nyìngì | Malapterurus electricus | Malapteruridae | LL | 5/6 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A B | ||
| *túdá | Malapterurus electricus | Malapteruridae | HH | 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: B C | ||
| *nyɪ̀ka | Malapterurus electricus | Malapteruridae | L_ | 9 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 2: G J | ||
| *dòmbó | Mastacembelus ophidium | Mastacembelidae | LH | 3 | Regions 2: Ce NE - Zones 2: D G | ||
| *bòngí | Synodontis polyodon | Mochokidae | LH | 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A B | ||
| *cʊ́ngʊ̀ | Synodontis polyodon | Mochokidae | HL | 9/10 - 3/4 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *pʊ̀ngɪ̀ | Synodontis polyodon | Mochokidae | LL | 5/6 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *jàdìtódì | Boulengeromyrus knoepffleri | Mormyridae | LLHL | 11/2 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||
| *mònó | Mugil sp. | Mugilidae | LH | 9/10 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 2: A B | ||
| *dɪgɪdɪ | Xenomystus nigri | Notopteridae | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: B | ||||
| *cíngá | Ophiocephalus | Ophiocephalidae | HH | 9 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *cèmbè | Protopterus aethiopicus congicus | Protopteridae | LL | 9 | Regions 3: NW Ce NE - Zones 3: C D G | ||
| *combi | silure sp., anguille | sheat-fish sp., eel | Regions 3: SW Ce NE - Zones 3: H J L | ||||
| *tutu | Tetraodon | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: D |
Reptiles et insectes modifier
| proto-bantou | nom scientifique | famille | français | anglais | ton | classe | distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *kèkè | serpent aquatique sp. | aquatic snake sp. | LL | 9 | Regions 1: NW - Zones 1: C | ||
| *túɪda | serpent cracheur | spitting snake | H__ | N 9 | Regions 1: NE - Zones 1: J | ||
| *dóódó | Chlorophis sp. | serpent vert | green snake: Chlorophis sp. | HHH | 3 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 1: L | |
| *bòmà | python | python | LL | N (3/4), 9/l0 | Regions 4: NW SW Ce SE - Zones 9: A B C H K L M R S | ||
| *cátò | python | python | HL | N 9/10 | Regions 3: Ce NE SE - Zones 10: D E F G J L M N P S | ||
| *díémbé | tsetse fly | HHH | 12 | Regions 1: Ce - Zones 2: L M |
Notes et références modifier
- code générique
- Bastin, Yvonne, André Coupez, Evariste Mumba et Thilo C. Schadeberg (éds) (2002). Reconstructions lexicales bantoues 3. Musée royal de l’Afrique centrale, Tervuren.
Voir aussi modifier
Liens internes modifier
Liens externes modifier
- (en) Bantu Lexical Reconstruction 3 (Reconstruction lexicale bantoue), Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale.
- (en) Guthrie’s Proto-Bantu forms (Formes proto-bantu de Guthrie)
