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Haplogroupes Y-ADN dans les populations de l'Afrique du Nord

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Les principaux haplogroupes du chromosome Y des populations de l'Afrique du Nord berbérophones et arabophones sont : E1b1b1b (M81) et J1 (M267).

Par population modifier

Population n A/B E(xE1b1b) E-M35 E-M78 E-M81 E-M123 F K-M9 G I J1 J2 R1a R1b Autres Etudes
Algérie/Oran 102 0 7.9% 0 5.9% 45.1% 0 0 0 0 0 22.5% 4.9% 1% 11.8% 1% Robino et al. (2008)[1]
Algérie/Alger 35 0 2.9% 0 11.4% 42.9% 0 11.8% 2.9% 0 0 22.9% 5.7% 0 0 0 Arredi et al. (2004)[2]
Tunisie/Jradou berbères 32 0 0 0 0 100% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisie/Zaghouan 32 0 0 0 3.1% 40.6% 0 9.4% 0 0 0 43.8% 3.1% 0 0 0 Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisie/Tunis 33 0 0 3.0% 6.0% 54.5% 3.0% 6.0% 0 3.0% 0 24.2% 0 0 0 0 Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisie/Tunis 148 0 2% 3.4% 5.4% 37.8% 2.7% 4.7% 0.7% 0 0 32.4% 3.4% 0.7% 6.1% 0.7% Arredi et al. (2004)
Maroc 221 0 6.4% 4.1% 6.8% 65% 0 0.9% 1.8% 0.9% 0.5% 5% 4.1% 0 4.1% 0 Fregel et al. (2009)
Maroc/Central 87 0 9.8% 0 6.1% 56.1% 0 0 0 0 0 19.5% 8.5% 0 0 0% Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[3]
Maroc 51 3.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 54.9% 0 0 0 0 0 19.6% 0 0 3.9% 0 Onofri et al. (2008)
Maroc/Amizmiz Valley 33 3% 6.1% 0 3% 84.8% 3% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alvarez et al. (2009)
Maroc/Asni berbères 54 0 9.3% 1.9% 3.7% 79.6% 0 0 0 0 0 1.9% 0 0 1.9% 1.9% Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Maroc/Middle Atlas berbères 69 2.9% 5.7% 0 10.1% 71.0% 0 0 0 4.3% 0 5.8% 0 0 0 0 Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Maroc/Bouhria berbères 67 0 7.5% 0 1.5% 77.6% 0 0 0 6.0% 0 1.5% 1.5% 4.5% 0 0 Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Sahrawi 89 0 20.2% 0 0 59.6% 0 0 0 0 0 20.2% 0 0 0 0 Fregel et al. (2009)
Libye 215 0 9.5% 0 11.1% 35.9% 1.5% 0 0 4.2% 0 30.5% 3.4% 0.4% 0 3.4% Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)
Libye 175 0.60% 0.6% 1.7% 8.0% 33.7% 1.1% 4.6% 0.6% 1.1% 2.0% 27.4% 6.9% 1.7% 5.1% 4.9% Triki-Fendri et al. (2015)[4]
Égypte/Western Désert 35 0 5.7% 5.7% 28.6% 28.6% 0 0 0 0 0 31.4% 0 0 0 0 Kujanová et al. (2009)[5]
Égypte 147 2.7% 2.7% 0 18.4% 8.2% 9.5% 0 7.5% 9.5% 0 19.7% 12.2% 3.4% 4.1% 2.1% Luis et al. (2004)[6]
Égypte/Siwa berbères 93 28.0% 6.5% 2.2% 6.5% 1.1% 2.2% 0 0 3.2% 0 7.5% 6.5% 0 28.0% 8.3% Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Égypte(Nord) 44 2.3% 0 4.5% 27.3% 11.4% 9.1% 6.8% 2.3% 0 0 9.1% 9.1% 2.3% 9.9% 6.8% Arredi et al. (2004)
Égypte(Sud) 29 0.0% 0 0 17.2% 6.9% 6.9% 17.2% 10.3% 0 3.4% 20.7% 3.4% 0 13.8% 0 Arredi et al. (2004)
Iles Canaries 652 0 1.4% 0 3.5% 8.3% 2.3% 0 0 4% 9.7% 3.5% 10.4% 2.8% 50.6% 0 Fregel et al. (2009)[7]
Touaregs de Libye 47 0 42.5% 0 0 48.9% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4% 2.1% Ottoni et al. (2011)[8]
Touaregs du Mali 11 0 9.1% 0 9.1% 81.8% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pereira et al. (2011)[9]
Touaregs du Burkina Faso 18 0 16.7% 0 0 77.8% 0 0 5.6% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pereira et al. (2011)
Touaregs du Niger 18 5.6% 44.4% 0 5.6% 11.1% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33.3% 0 Pereira et al. (2011)

Par pays modifier

Pays[10] n A B E-M33 E-M2 E-M35* E-M78* E-V12 E-V32 E-V13 E-V22 E-V65 E-M81 E-M34 F G I J1 J2 K L O P,R Q R1a R1b-V88 R1b-M269 R2 T
Maroc 760 0.26 0.66 2.76 3.29 4.21 0.79 0.26 - 0.26 1.84 3.68 67.37 0.66 0.26 0.66 0.13 6.32 1.32 0.53 - - 0.26 - - 0.92 3.55 - -
Algérie 156 - - 0.64 5.13 0.64 1.92 0.64 - 0.64 1.28 1.92 44.2 1.28 3.85 - - 21.8 4.49 0.64 - - - 0.64 0.64 2.56 7.04 - -
Tunisie 601 - 0.17 0.5 0.67 1.66 - - - - 3 3.16 62.73 1.16 2.66 0.17 0.17 16.64 2.83 0.33 - - 0.33 - 0.5 1.83 0.33 - 1.16
Sahara/Mauritanie 189 - 0.53 5.29 6.88 - - - - - - - 55.56 11.11 - - - 13.23 - - - - - - - 6.88 0.53 - -
Égypte 370 1.35 - 0.54 2.43 3.24 0.81 7.03 1.62 0.81 9.19 2.43 11.89 6.76 1.08 5.68 0.54 20.81 6.75 0.27 0.81 0.27 0.54 0.27 2.16 2.97 2.97 0.54 6.22

Origine géographique des lignées du chromosome Y modifier

Région[11] Maroc (n=760) Algerie (n=156) Tunisie (n=601) Mauritanie/Sahara (n=189) Egypte (n=370)
Afrique du Nord 73.90% 50% 68.90% 55.60% 33%
Moyen-Orient 9.40% 29.50% 23.50% 13.80% 46.20%
Europe 3.90% 10.30% 1.70% 0% 3.50%
Afrique de l'Ouest 7% 8.30% 3% 19.10% 5.90%
Afrique de l'Est 5.80% 1.90% 3% 11.60% 11.40%

Voir aussi modifier

Notes modifier

  1. ↑ Robino C, Crobu F, Di Gaetano C, et al., « Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups and STR haplotypes in an Algérien population sample », International Journal of Legal Medicine, vol. 122, no 3,‎ , p. 251–5 (PMID 17909833, DOI 10.1007/s00414-007-0203-5)
  2. ↑ Arredi B, Poloni ES, Paracchini S, et al., « A predominantly neolithic origin for Y-chromosomal DNA variation in North Africa », American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 75, no 2,‎ , p. 338–45 (PMID 15202071, PMCID 1216069, DOI 10.1086/423147)
  3. ↑ Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013), Genome-Wide and Paternal Diversity Reveal a Recent Origin of Human Populations in North Africa
  4. ↑ Triki-Fendri et al. (2015), Paternal lineages in Libya inferred from Y-chromosome haplogroups
  5. ↑ Martina Kujanová, Luísa Pereira, Verónica Fernandes, Joana B. Pereira, Viktor Černý, Near Eastern Neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egypteian Western Desert, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Volume 140, Issue 2, pages 336–346, October 2009
  6. ↑ Luis JR, Rowold DJ, Regueiro M, Caeiro B, Cinnioglu C, Roseman C, Underhill PA, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Herrera RJ (2004) The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bidirectional corridors of human migrations" Am J Hum Genet 74:532–544
  7. ↑ Rosa Fregel et al., « Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European », BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 9,‎ , p. 181 (PMID 19650893, PMCID 2728732, DOI 10.1186/1471-2148-9-181)
  8. ↑ Ottoni C, Larmuseau MH, Vanderheyden N, Martínez-Labarga C, Primativo G, Biondi G, Decorte R, Rickards O., Deep into the roots of the Libyan Tuareg: a genetic survey of their paternal heritage, Am J Phys Anthropol. 2011 May;145(1):118-24. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21473. Epub 2011 Feb 10
  9. ↑ Pereira et al. , Y chromosomes and mtDNA of Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel, European Journal of Human Genetics (2010) 18, 915–923; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.21; published online 17 March 2010
  10. ↑ Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0056775
  11. ↑ Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0056775, Table 2. Geographic components (%) considered in Y-chromosome and mtDNA lineages.
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