English: A HARPS untreated ("raw") exposure of the star HD100623, of the comparatively cool stellar spectral type K0V. The frame shows the complete image as recorded with the 4000 x 4000 pixel CCD detector in the focal plane of the spectrograph. The horizontal white lines correspond to the stellar spectrum, divided into 70 adjacent spectral bands which together cover the entire visible wavelength range from 380 to 690 nm. Some of the stellar absorption lines are seen as dark horizontal features; they are the spectral signatures of various chemical elements in the star's upper layers ("atmosphere"). Bright emission lines from the heavy element thorium are visible between the bands - they are exposed by a lamp in the spectrograph to calibrate the wavelengths. This allows measuring any instrumental drift, thereby guaranteeing the exceedingly high precision that qualifies HARPS.